The colors of the northern sky | The Aurora Borealis | The beauty of the northern lights

The colorfulness of the northern sky 

Today we are going to learn something exciting about the beautiful scenes of the sky. Which are known as (Northern lights) or (Aurora Borealis). As you can see in the image: 

These lights appear in the North Pole of the Earth. And people come from all over the world to see these lights.  

Let’s learn about the Aurora Borealis! 

Now we are going learn in detail what Aurora Borealis is. Why is it only seen in the poles of the Earth? How does it start? 

As we know, the inner part of the earth (Outer Core) is made up of very hot fluid.

In which there is iron, and a little quantity of nickel and many other elements as well. Because the earth is constantly moving, earth makes movement in that substance as well. 

And because of the movement, electric current is produced. Like Dynamo generates electricity. And this electric current gives earth the ability of a magnet. The limit of this magnetic field goes up to 65,000 kilometers. The magnetic field is as important as air and water for life on the earth. And this field saves us from the dangerous solar winds that come from the sun. If there was no field like this these solar winds could have destroyed the earth’s atmosphere and life on the earth.  

Aurora Borealis starts from the sun’s layer corona, sun throws some solar winds to earth.

When those solar winds are near the earth, the magnetic field works as a shield and saves us from those dangerous solar winds and change their direction towards earth. And never let them reach the earth’s surface. Like a simple magnet has a north and a south pole, which makes its magnetic field; earth’s magnetic field is made up of those two poles as well. Plasma, which is based on the electrons and protons of those solar winds, changes their direction towards earth’s North and South Pole. And some of those go and combine with electrons present in nitrogen and oxygen gases in our atmosphere. As we know, when electric current runs in any gas, that gas excites the electrons because of what the photons emit light and then the color of that light is dependent on the ability of that gas. This technology is also used in the colorful Neon Lightening which we see on many big sign boards in cities. The color of the light is dependent on the gas which is used in the tube.  

When the electric current present in solar winds passes through oxygen and nitrogen in our atmosphere, the process of the neon lights starts naturally as Aurora Borealis. In Aurora Borealis the presence of oxygen can be seen in red, yellow and green colors and nitrogen can be seen in blue color. And when this process happens near the South Pole this is known as Aurora Australis.  

And like this we understand how important earth’s magnetic field for life on earth is. According to the scientists, in the solar system there are 4 rocky planets from which only earth has a strong magnetic field. Because of this field there is atmosphere, and it saves us from lightning rain as well.